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Dirofilaria immitis, also known as heartworm or dog heartworm, is a parasitic roundworm that is a type of filarial worm, a small thread-like worm, and which causes dirofilariasis. It is spread from host to host through the bites of mosquitoes. Four genera of mosquitoes transmit dirofilariasis, Aedes, Culex, Anopheles, and Mansonia. [2]
Side effects can include gastrointestinal, esophageal or neurological issues, liver and kidney damage or allergic reactions of varying severity. Antibiotics can be crucial in treating pets. But ...
Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and an increased risk of sunburn. [1] Use during pregnancy is not recommended. [1] Like other agents of the tetracycline class, it either slows or kills bacteria by inhibiting protein production. [1] [4] It kills malaria by targeting a plastid organelle, the apicoplast. [5] [6]
Selamectin, sold under the brand name Revolution, among others, is a topical parasiticide and anthelminthic used on dogs and cats. [2] It treats and prevents infections of heartworms, fleas, ear mites, sarcoptic mange (scabies), and certain types of ticks in dogs, and prevents heartworms, fleas, ear mites, hookworms, and roundworms in cats.
Heartworm control in Germany only plays a role in dogs that are to be taken to endemic foreign countries (including southern and eastern European countries) or come from there. [69] Moxidectin, milbemycinoxime, and selamectin are currently approved for therapy and prophylaxis of heartworm disease. [70]
Echinococcosis is an infectious disease infecting dogs and sheep. Heartworm disease is caused by Dirofilaria immitis, which uses the mosquito as its vector. Heartworms live in the pulmonary artery and right ventricle of the heart. Heartworm disease in dogs is spread by mosquitoes that harbor the parasite Dirofilaria immitis.
From Latin dīrus 'fearful; ominous' + fīlum 'thread', Dirofilaria is a genus of nematodes of the superfamily Filarioidea.The first known description of Dirofilaria may have been by Italian nobleman Francesco Birago in 1626 in his Treatise on Hunting: “The dog generates two worms, which are half an arm’s length long and thicker than a finger and red like fire.”
Dirofilaria immitis, the dog heartworm, rarely infects humans. Filariasis is caused by parasitic nematodes. These worms are transmitted by infected mosquitoes of the genera Aedes, Culex, Anopheles and Mansonia. Recent evidence suggests that climate change has an influence in the spread of the parasitic disease and its vectors.