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  2. List of languages by number of phonemes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_languages_by...

    Some consider ğ to be a separate phoneme. Ubykh: Northwest Caucasian: 86-88: 84 2-4 4 consonants are only found in loanwords. Urdu: Indo-European: 61: 48 11 + (2) Besides its Indo-Aryan base, Urdu includes a range of phonemes which are derived from other languages such as Arabic, Persian, English, and more. [citation needed] Vaeakau-Taumako ...

  3. English phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_phonology

    English phonology is the system of speech sounds used in spoken English. Like many other languages, English has wide variation in pronunciation, both historically and from dialect to dialect. In general, however, the regional dialects of English share a largely similar (but not identical) phonological system.

  4. Minimal pair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_pair

    As an example for English vowels, the pair "let" + "lit" can be used to demonstrate that the phones [ɛ] (in let) and [ɪ] (in lit) actually represent distinct phonemes /ɛ/ and /ɪ/. An example for English consonants is the minimal pair of "pat" + "bat". The following table shows other pairs demonstrating the existence of various distinct ...

  5. Phoneme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme

    Sounds that are perceived as phonemes vary by languages and dialects, so that ⓘ and ⓘ are separate phonemes in English since they distinguish words like sin from sing (/sɪn/ versus /sɪŋ/), yet they comprise a single phoneme in some other languages, such as Spanish, in which [pan] and [paŋ] for instance are merely interpreted by Spanish ...

  6. Phonological history of English - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Phonological_history_of_English

    Pin–pen merger: the raising of /ɛ/ to /ɪ/ before nasal consonants in Southern American English and southwestern varieties of Hiberno-English. Horse-hoarse merger: /ɔr/ and /or/ merge in many varieties of English; Vowel mergers before intervocalic /r/ in most of North America (resistance occurs mainly on the east coast):

  7. English-language vowel changes before historic /r/ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English-language_vowel...

    The phenomenon that occurs in many dialects of the United States is one of tense–lax neutralization [1] in which the normal English distinction between tense and lax vowels is eliminated. In some cases, the quality of a vowel before /r/ is different from the quality of the vowel elsewhere.

  8. American and British English pronunciation differences

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British...

    Differences in pronunciation between American English (AmE) and British English (BrE) can be divided into . differences in accent (i.e. phoneme inventory and realisation).See differences between General American and Received Pronunciation for the standard accents in the United States and Britain; for information about other accents see regional accents of English.

  9. Lexical set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexical_set

    A phoneme is a basic unit of sound in a language that can distinguish one word from another. Most commonly, following the work of phonetician John C. Wells , a lexical set is a class of words in a language that share a certain vowel phoneme .

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