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English: Plot of arctic sea ice extent development between 1979 and 2023 in monthly mean values. For the determination of the "area" value, every pixel with a sea ice concentration > .15 is taken. The pixel area is multiplied with the concentration value derived from the passive infrared signal.
The ice extent trends from 1979 to 2002 have been a statistically significant Arctic sea ice decrease of −2.5% ± 0.9% per decade during those 23 years. [7] Climate models simulated this trend in 2002. [8] The September minimum ice extent trend for 1979–2011 declined by 12.0% per decade during 32 years. [9]
Animation of Minimum Annual Sea Ice Extent over the Arctic from 1979 to 2012. In this animation, the daily Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from May 16, 2013, through September 12, 2013, when the sea ice reached its minimum area of coverage for 2013.
The 2016 Arctic Report Card reflects the combined efforts of 61 authors from 11 countries. The 12 essays were subject to independent peer-review organized by the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) of the Arctic Council. In 2016, continuation of long term warming trends and sea ice loss are triggering extensive Arctic Changes.
On Dec. 21, 2024, the Antarctic sea ice extent was higher than on Dec. 21, 2016, but the Arctic sea ice extent was lower on that date in 2024 compared to 2016, according to government data.
Deutsch: Zeitverlauf der Schätzung des Volumens des arktischen Meereseises zwischen 1979 und 2010. Die blaue Kurve wurde durch das numerische Modell PIOMAS berechnet. Als Fehler für Einzelwerte wird für Oktoberwerte (Minima) +- 1.35 10³ km³ als Orientierung angegeben.
The animation shows the seasonal variability of the ice, growing in the Arctic winter and melting in the summer. In addition, this also shows the changes from year to year. One significant change in the Arctic region in recent years has been the rapid decline in perennial sea ice. Perennial sea ice, also known as multi-year ice, is the portion ...
The first sea ice-free September could occur as early as the 2030s, the study found. Arctic sea ice has been declining for decades but has shrunk at an even faster rate in the past 20 years.