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Bossa nova (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈbɔsɐ ˈnɔvɐ] ⓘ) is a relaxed style of samba [nb 1] developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. [2] It is mainly characterized by a calm syncopated rhythm with chords and fingerstyle mimicking the beat of a samba groove, as if it was a simplification and stylization on the guitar of the rhythm produced by a samba school band.
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Bossa nova stick pattern (Play ⓘ). The so-called "bossa nova clave" (or "Brazilian clave") has a similar rhythm to that of the son clave, but the second note on the two-side is delayed by one pulse (subdivision). The rhythm is typically played as a snare rim pattern in bossa nova music. The pattern is shown below in 2
The song title refers to the main melody line, which at first consists of a long series of notes of a single tone (typically D, as played in the key of G) played over a descending chord progression in a bossa nova rhythm. The first eight measures consist of D, followed by four measures of G, and then four measures of D.
Bossa nova is a hybrid form based on the samba rhythm, but influenced by European and American music from Debussy to US jazz. Bossa nova originated in the 1950s, largely from the efforts of Brazilians Antonio Carlos Jobim and João Gilberto. Its most famous song is arguably "The Girl from Ipanema" sung by Gilberto and his wife, Astrud Gilberto.
The implementation of chords using particular tunings is a defining part of the literature on guitar chords, which is omitted in the abstract musical-theory of chords for all instruments. For example, in the guitar (like other stringed instruments but unlike the piano ), open-string notes are not fretted and so require less hand-motion.
"Chega de Saudade" (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʃeɡɐ dʒi sawˈdadʒi]), also known as "No More Blues", is a bossa nova song. It is often considered the first bossa nova song to have been recorded. [1] "Chega de Saudade" and "The Girl from Ipanema" were both composed by Antônio Carlos Jobim with lyrics by Vinícius de Moraes. [2]
Shibuya-kei (Japanese: 渋谷系, lit. "Shibuya style") is a microgenre [7] of pop music [1] or a general aesthetic [8] that flourished in Japan in the mid-to-late 1990s. [3] The music genre is distinguished by a "cut-and-paste" approach that was inspired by the kitsch, fusion, and artifice from certain music styles of the past. [9]