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The historical fallacy is a logical fallacy originally described by philosopher John Dewey in The Psychological Review in 1896. Most simply put, the fallacy occurs when a person believes that results occur only because of the process taken to obtain them.
For example, oxygen is necessary for fire. But one cannot assume that everywhere there is oxygen, there is fire. A condition X is sufficient for Y if X, by itself, is enough to bring about Y. For example, riding the bus is a sufficient mode of transportation to get to work.
Quackwatch says acupressure is a dubious practice and its practitioners use irrational methods. [ 74 ] Adrenal fatigue or hypoadrenia is a pseudoscientific diagnosis described as a state in which the adrenal glands are exhausted and unable to produce adequate quantities of hormones , primarily the glucocorticoid cortisol , due to chronic stress ...
These paradoxes may be due to fallacious reasoning , or an unintuitive solution . The term paradox is often used to describe a counter-intuitive result. However, some of these paradoxes qualify to fit into the mainstream viewpoint of a paradox, which is a self-contradictory result gained even while properly applying accepted ways of reasoning .
An example of this transformation is the science of chemistry, which traces its origins to the pseudoscientific or pre-scientific study of alchemy. The vast diversity in pseudosciences further complicates the history of science. Some modern pseudosciences, such as astrology and acupuncture, originated before the scientific era.
[1] [2] [3] These pseudoscientific interpretations involve the use of artifacts, sites or materials to construct scientifically insubstantial theories to strengthen the pseudoarchaeologists' claims. Methods include exaggeration of evidence, dramatic or romanticized conclusions, use of fallacious arguments, and fabrication of evidence.
Over a 94-year stretch, the average length of 27 confirmed bear markets in the S&P 500 was just 286 calendar days, or 9.5 months, with the longest bear market lasting 630 calendar days (Jan. 11 ...
[32] [33] This is also an example of the ecological fallacy as it assumes the probability of SIDS in Clark's family was the same as the average of all affluent, non-smoking families; social class is a highly complex and multifaceted concept, with numerous other variables such as education, line of work, and many more.