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For amebic dysentery a multi-prong approach must be used, starting with one of: metronidazole 500–750 mg three times a day for 5–10 days; tinidazole 2g once a day for 3 days is an alternative to metronidazole; Doses for children are calculated by body weight and a pharmacist should be consulted for help.
In all three cases, the drug therapy resulted in clearance of the infection, defined as negative results through an O&P exam, in all but 1-2 patients. [4] A 1979 study of 27 patients treated with dehydroemetine and various other drugs suggested all drug combinations were successful at treating amoebic liver abscesses. [5]
Paromomycin is an antimicrobial used to treat a number of parasitic infections including amebiasis, giardiasis, leishmaniasis, and tapeworm infection. [3] It is a first-line treatment for amebiasis or giardiasis during pregnancy. [3]
Tinidazole, sold under the brand name Tindamax among others, is a medication used against protozoan infections.It is widely known throughout Europe and the developing world as a treatment for a variety of anaerobic amoebic and bacterial infections.
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The mechanisms of antiprotozoal drugs differ significantly drug to drug. For example, it appears that eflornithine , a drug used to treat trypanosomiasis , inhibits ornithine decarboxylase , while the aminoglycoside antibiotic/antiprotozoals used to treat leishmaniasis are thought to inhibit protein synthesis.
With correct treatment, most cases of amoebic and bacterial dysentery subside within 10 days, and most individuals achieve a full recovery within two to four weeks after beginning proper treatment. If the disease is left untreated, the prognosis varies with the immune status of the individual patient and the severity of disease.
Antiparasitics are one of the antimicrobial drugs which include antibiotics that target bacteria, and antifungals that target fungi. They may be administered orally, intravenously or topically. [4] Overuse or misuse of antiparasitics can lead to the development of antimicrobial resistance.