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Gypsum plaster, [12] also known as plaster of Paris, [13] is a white powder consisting of calcium sulfate hemihydrate. The natural form of the compound is the mineral bassanite . [ 14 ] [ 15 ]
While working in Haarlem at the military hospital in 1851, Mathijsen first used plaster of Paris as a bandage. [1] Until then a Belgian method was used with starch that took up to a day to dry and harden. [1] Across the street he watched workers repairing cracks in the church with strips of jute dunked in plaster of Paris.
The word gypsum is derived from the Greek word γύψος (gypsos), "plaster". [9] Because the quarries of the Montmartre district of Paris have long furnished burnt gypsum (calcined gypsum) used for various purposes, this dehydrated gypsum became known as plaster of Paris. Upon adding water, after a few dozen minutes, plaster of Paris becomes ...
Max Klinger had created a Wagner bust made of white marble for the Leipzig Music Room at the 1904 World Exhibition in St. Louis. The original plaster of Paris of the bust was brought to the Museum of Fine Arts in Leipzig along with two casts from the Klinger estate.
Gypsum mortar, also called plaster of Paris, was used in the construction of many ancient structures. It is made from gypsum, which requires a lower firing temperature. It is therefore easier to make than lime mortar and sets up much faster, which may be a reason it was used as the typical mortar in ancient, brick arch and vault construction.
Chalkware is an American term for popular figurines either made of moulded plaster of Paris (usually) or sculpted gypsum, and painted, typically with oils or watercolors.
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Plaster version in the church of Troissy (Cher). "Saint Joseph, Father of Silence," 1903, marble statue, Church of Notre-Dame-de-Bellecombe in Lyon. Patinated plaster study at the Musée des Beaux-Arts in Lyon. "Religious Music" or "The Singers," 1910, high relief, church Notre-Dame-du-Liban in Paris.