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The lymphatic system, or lymphoid system, is an organ system in vertebrates that is part of the immune system and complementary to the circulatory system. It consists of a large network of lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, lymphoid organs, lymphatic tissue and lymph. [1][2] Lymph is a clear fluid carried by the lymphatic vessels back to the heart ...
FMA. 5034. Anatomical terminology. [edit on Wikidata] A lymph node, or lymph gland, [1] is a kidney -shaped organ of the lymphatic system and the adaptive immune system. A large number of lymph nodes are linked throughout the body by the lymphatic vessels. They are major sites of lymphocytes that include B and T cells.
The most common causes of enlargement of the submandibular lymph nodes are infections of the head, neck, ears, eyes, nasal sinuses, pharynx, and scalp. [1] The lymph glands may be affected by metastatic spread of cancers of the oral cavity, anterior portion of the nasal cavity, soft tissues of the mid-face, and submandibular salivary gland. [1]
The mastoid lymph nodes (retroauricular lymph nodes or posterior auricular glands) are a small group of lymph nodes, usually two in number, located just beneath the ear, on the mastoid insertion of the sternocleidomastoideus muscle, beneath the posterior auricular muscle. Their mastoid lymph nodes receives lymph from the posterior part of the ...
Submental lymph nodes. Superficial lymph glands and lymphatic vessels of head and neck. (Buccinator glands labeled at center right.) The submental lymph nodes (or suprahyoid lymph nodes[citation needed]) are 2-3 lymph nodes [1] situated in the submental triangle, [1] between the anterior bellies of the digastric muscle and the hyoid bone. [2]
Anatomical terminology. [edit on Wikidata] The occipital lymph nodes, one to three in number, are located on the back of the head close to the margin of the trapezius and resting on the insertion of the semispinalis capitis. Their afferent vessels drain the occipital region of the scalp, while their efferents pass to the superior deep cervical ...
The classification of the cervical lymph nodes is generally attributed to Henri Rouvière in his 1932 publication "Anatomie des Lymphatiques de l'Homme" [6] [7] Rouviere described the cervical lymph nodes as a collar which surrounded the upper aerodigestive tract, consisting of submental, facial, submandibular, parotid, mastoid, occipital and retropharyngeal nodes, together with two chains ...
Supraclavicular lymph nodes. Supraclavicular lymph nodes are lymph nodes found above the clavicle, that can be felt in the supraclavicular fossa. The supraclavicular lymph nodes on the left side are called Virchow's nodes. [1] It leads to an appreciable mass that can be recognized clinically, called Troisier sign. [2]