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Many classical compositions belong to a numbered series of works of a similar type by the same composer. For example, Beethoven wrote 9 symphonies, 10 violin sonatas, 32 piano sonatas, 5 piano concertos, 16 string quartets, 7 piano trios and other works, all of which are numbered sequentially within their genres and generally referred to by their sequence numbers, keys and opus numbers.
Hob. I/107 in B ♭ major, often known not by a number but as Symphony A (between 1757 and 1760); arranged as string quartet op. 1, no. 5 Hob. III/5; Hob. I/108 in B ♭ major, often known not by a number but as Symphony B (between 1757 and 1760) Despite this, the number of "symphonies" by Haydn is usually given as 106. [2]
This article lists symphonies that are numbered and have an additional nickname, and symphonies that are primarily known by their name and/or key. Also various compositions that contain "symphony" or "sinfonia" in their name are included, whether or not strictly speaking they adhere to the format of a classical symphony.
The symphony has long been popularly referred to as "the Bear". As with the nicknames of all Haydn's symphonies, it did not originate with the composer. Instead, the name derives from a recurring feature from the last movement (including its famous opening), in which Haydn imitates the tonality of bagpipes or Dudelsack: a low sustained drone, accentuated by a grace-note on the downbeat.
Catalogues of composers' works typically follow either a chronological arrangement (sorting by date of composition) or a sorting by musical genre. [2] Hoboken's catalogue is of the latter type; thus the symphonies, for example, are in category I, all string quartets are in category III, piano sonatas are in category XVI, and so on.
The symphony was completed in 1787, just like his 89th symphony. It is one of Haydn's best-known works, even though it is not one of the Paris or London symphonies and does not have a descriptive nickname. It is sometimes referred to as The Letter V referring to an older method of cataloging Haydn's symphonic output.
The Symphony No. 85 in B ♭ major, Hoboken I/85, is the fourth of the six Paris symphonies (numbers 82–87) written by Joseph Haydn. It is popularly known as La Reine ( The Queen ). Background
Maria Theresa of Austria, for whom the 48th Symphony is nicknamed. The Symphony No. 48 in C major, Hoboken I/48, is a symphony by Joseph Haydn written in 1768 or 1769.The work has the nickname Maria Theresa as it was long thought to have been composed for a visit by the Holy Roman Empress, Maria Theresa of Austria in 1773.