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Noise pollution, or sound pollution, is the propagation of noise or sound with potential harmful effects on humans and animals. The source of outdoor noise worldwide is mainly caused by machines, transport and propagation systems.
Occupational noise is the amount of acoustic energy received by an employee's auditory system when they are working in the industry. Occupational noise, or industrial noise, is often a term used in occupational safety and health , as sustained exposure can cause permanent hearing damage.
Much of noise pollution comes from transportation — including traffic, highways and railways — or industrial and manufacturing plants, experts say, but it can come from many sources. How is ...
Example of transportation noise and how it affects the community. Environmental noise is an accumulation of noise pollution that occurs outside. This noise can be caused by transport, industrial, and recreational activities. [1] Noise is frequently described as 'unwanted sound'. Within this context, environmental noise is generally present in ...
A point source of pollution is a single identifiable source of air, water, thermal, noise or light pollution. A point source has negligible extent, distinguishing it from other pollution source geometrics (such as nonpoint source or area source). The sources are called point sources because in mathematical modeling, they can be approximated as ...
An effective model for noise control is the source, path, and receiver model by Bolt and Ingard. [9] Hazardous noise can be controlled by reducing the noise output at its source, minimizing the noise as it travels along a path to the listener, and providing equipment to the listener or receiver to attenuate the noise.
In hazard identification, sources of data on the risks associated with prospective hazards are identified. For instance, if a site is known to be contaminated with a variety of industrial pollutants , hazard identification will determine which of these chemicals could result in adverse human health effects, and what effects they could cause.
Annoyance effects of noise are minimally affected by demographics, but fear of the noise source and sensitivity to noise both strongly affect the 'annoyance' of a noise. [42] Sound levels as low as 40 dB(A) can generate noise complaints [43] and the lower threshold for noise producing sleep disturbance is 45 dB(A) or lower. [44]