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A narrower view of the theory of taxation reduces the system to two issues: who can pay and who can benefit (Benefit principle). Influential theories have been the ability theory presented by Arthur Cecil Pigou [2] and the benefit theory developed by Erik Lindahl. [3][4] There is a later version of the benefit theory known as the "voluntary ...
The benefit principle is a concept in the theory of taxation from public finance. It bases taxes to pay for public-goods expenditures on a politically-revealed willingness to pay for benefits received. The principle is sometimes likened to the function of prices in allocating private goods. [1] In its use for assessing the efficiency of taxes ...
Taxation. Optimal tax theory or the theory of optimal taxation is the study of designing and implementing a tax that maximises a social welfare function subject to economic constraints. [1] The social welfare function used is typically a function of individuals' utilities, most commonly some form of utilitarian function, so the tax system is ...
In economics, the Laffer curve illustrates a theoretical relationship between rates of taxation and the resulting levels of the government's tax revenue. The Laffer curve assumes that no tax revenue is raised at the extreme tax rates of 0% and 100%, meaning that there is a tax rate between 0% and 100% that maximizes government tax revenue. [a ...
e. A Lindahl tax is a form of taxation conceived by Erik Lindahl in which individuals pay for public goods according to their marginal benefits. In other words, they pay according to the amount of satisfaction or utility they derive from the consumption of an additional unit of the public good. Lindahl taxation is designed to maximize ...
Taxation. In economics, tax incidence or tax burden is the effect of a particular tax on the distribution of economic welfare. Economists distinguish between the entities who ultimately bear the tax burden and those on whom the tax is initially imposed. The tax burden measures the true economic effect of the tax, measured by the difference ...
e. Redistribution of income and wealth is the transfer of income and wealth (including physical property) from some individuals to others through a social mechanism such as taxation, welfare, public services, land reform, monetary policies, confiscation, divorce or tort law. [1] The term typically refers to redistribution on an economy-wide ...
A tax is a mandatory financial charge or some other type of levy imposed on a taxpayer (an individual or legal entity) by a governmental organization to collectively support government spending, public expenditures, or as a way to regulate and reduce negative externalities. [1] Tax compliance refers to policy actions and individual behaviour ...