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Engineering fits are generally used as part of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing when a part or assembly is designed. In engineering terms, the "fit" is the clearance between two mating parts, and the size of this clearance determines whether the parts can, at one end of the spectrum, move or rotate independently from each other or, at the other end, are temporarily or permanently joined.
In mechanical engineering, limits and fits are a set of rules regarding the dimensions and tolerances of mating machined parts if they are to achieve the desired ease of assembly, and security after assembly - sliding fit, interference fit, rotating fit, non-sliding fit, loose fit, etc.
The tightness of fit is controlled by amount of interference; the allowance (planned difference from nominal size). Formulas exist [2] to compute allowance that will result in various strengths of fit such as loose fit, light interference fit, and interference fit. The value of the allowance depends on which material is being used, how big the ...
The letter "U" is used after the OD number to designate that extra stock should be left on the OD for grinding to size. The type is a letter referring to the following: [3] S - Slip renewable; F - Fixed renewable; L - Headless liner; HL - Head liner; P - Headless press-fit; H - Head press-fit; The following two tables give the tolerances for ...
Outer dimensions (such as the diameter of a railroad car's axle) may be cut intentionally oversize, or inner dimensions (such as the diameter of the railroad car's wheel hub) may be cut intentionally undersize, to allow for an interference fit (press fit). A part may be cast intentionally too big when it is desired to later machine the surface.
Ruby jewel bearings used for a balance wheel in a mechanical watch movement Cross-section of a jewel bearing in a mechanical watch. This type of donut-shaped bearing (red) is called a hole jewel, used for most of the ordinary wheels in the gear train. It is usually made of synthetic sapphire or ruby, press-fit into a hole in the movement's ...
A disadvantage is that assembly and disassembly of press-fit bottom bracket bearings require expensive special equipment. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] [ 14 ] Some hobby-mechanics assemble and disassemble themselves using simple hand-tools, but there is a certain risk that the frame may become damaged.
Summary of basic size, fundamental deviation and IT grades compared to minimum and maximum sizes of the shaft and hole. Dimensional tolerance is related to, but different from fit in mechanical engineering, which is a designed-in clearance or interference between two parts.