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In computer science, a heap is a tree -based data structure that satisfies the heap property: In a max heap, for any given node C, if P is a parent node of C, then the key (the value) of P is greater than or equal to the key of C. In a min heap, the key of P is less than or equal to the key of C. [1] The node at the "top" of the heap (with no ...
Contents. Binary heap. A binary heap is a heap data structure that takes the form of a binary tree. Binary heaps are a common way of implementing priority queues. [ 1 ]: 162–163 The binary heap was introduced by J. W. J. Williams in 1964, as a data structure for heapsort.
Heap overflow. A heap overflow, heap overrun, or heap smashing is a type of buffer overflow that occurs in the heap data area. Heap overflows are exploitable in a different manner to that of stack-based overflows. Memory on the heap is dynamically allocated at runtime and typically contains program data. Exploitation is performed by corrupting ...
Tracing garbage collection. In computer programming, tracing garbage collection is a form of automatic memory management that consists of determining which objects should be deallocated ("garbage collected") by tracing which objects are reachable by a chain of references from certain "root" objects, and considering the rest as "garbage" and ...
A min-max heap is a complete binary tree containing alternating min (or even) and max (or odd) levels. Even levels are for example 0, 2, 4, etc, and odd levels are respectively 1, 3, 5, etc. We assume in the next points that the root element is at the first level, i.e., 0. Example of Min-max heap.
In computer science, garbage collection (GC) is a form of automatic memory management. [2] The garbage collector attempts to reclaim memory that was allocated by the program, but is no longer referenced; such memory is called garbage. Garbage collection was invented by American computer scientist John McCarthy around 1959 to simplify manual ...
Heap pollution. In the Java programming language, heap pollution is a situation that arises when a variable of a parameterized type refers to an object that is not of that parameterized type. [1] This situation is normally detected during compilation and indicated with an unchecked warning. [1]
Stack trace. In computing, a stack trace (also called stack backtrace[1] or stack traceback[2]) is a report of the active stack frames at a certain point in time during the execution of a program. When a program is run, memory is often dynamically allocated in two places: the stack and the heap. Memory is continuously allocated on a stack but ...