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Syphilis (/ ˈ s ɪ f ə l ɪ s /) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. [1] The signs and symptoms depend on the stage it presents: primary, secondary, latent or tertiary.
The history of syphilis has been well studied, but the exact origin of the disease remains unknown. [3] It appears to have originated in both Africa and America. [4] [5] As such, there are two primary hypotheses: one proposes that syphilis was carried to Europe from the Americas by the crew(s) of Christopher Columbus as a byproduct of the Columbian exchange, while the other proposes that ...
The first well-recorded European outbreak of what is now known as syphilis occurred in 1494 when it broke out among French troops besieging Naples in the Italian War of 1494–98. [116] The disease may have originated from the Columbian Exchange. [117] [118] From Naples, the disease swept across Europe, killing more than five million people. [119]
Papulo-pustular exanthem of hereditary syphilis (Mracekj Ltih, Anst F. Reichhold. Minchen. HEREDITARY SYPHILIS. 203 mouth, with peculiar wrinkles extending laterally fromthe oral commissures, with a feeble stridulous cry, andwith obvious weakness, is often sufficient to enable oneto establish the diagnosis at a glance.
Syphilis can affect the brain and nervous system, causing dementia, tinnitus and, in some severe cases, death. Permanent vision impairment, including total blindness, is another possible ...
A chancre (/ ˈ ʃ æ ŋ k ər / SHANG-kər) [1] is a painless genital ulcer most commonly formed during the primary stage of syphilis. [2] This infectious lesion forms around 21 days after the initial exposure to Treponema pallidum, the gram-negative spirochaete bacterium causing syphilis, but can range from 10 to 90 days. [2]
A man with intellectual disability secondary to syphilis. Although neurosyphilis is a neurological disease, neuropsychiatric symptoms might appear due to overall damage to the brain. These symptoms can make the diagnosis more difficult and can include symptoms of dementia, [10] [11] mania, psychosis, depression, [12] and delirium: [13]
The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male [1] (informally referred to as the Tuskegee Experiment or Tuskegee Syphilis Study) was a study conducted between 1932 and 1972 by the United States Public Health Service (PHS) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on a group of nearly 400 African American men with syphilis.