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A well-known example of a contrasting mindset is fixed versus growth. A mindset refers to an established set of attitudes of a person or group concerning culture, values, philosophy, frame of reference, outlook, or disposition. [1] [2] It may also arise from a person's worldview or beliefs about the meaning of life. [3]
Students followed throughout their middle school careers showed that those who possessed growth mindset tendencies made better grades and had a more positive view on the role of effort than students who possessed fixed mindset tendencies with similar abilities, two years following the initial survey. [10]
Dweck has described fixed-mindset individuals as dreading failure because it is a negative statement on their basic abilities, while growth mindset individuals don't mind or fear failure as much because they realize their performance can be improved and learning comes from failure. [14]
Another important mindset that can help you build wealth, according to Harrison Tang, co-founder of Spokeo, is to view failure as success. “People take failure as a setback and give up,” he noted.
The scout mindset emphasizes curiosity, unbiased truth-seeking, [4] and facing reality, even if that reality is unexpected. [5] [6] Galef contrasts this with a "soldier mindset", which she says is a natural tendency to use motivated reasoning to defend one's existing beliefs instead of being open to changing them. [7]
For example, the lump of labour fallacy refers to the belief that in the economy there is a fixed amount of work to be done, and thus the allocation of jobs is zero-sum. [18] Although the belief that a resource is scarce might develop through experiences with resource scarcity, this is not necessarily the case.