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In the first centuries of Christianity churches were either house churches in whatever houses were offered for use by their owners, or were shrines on the burial-sites of martyrs or saints, which following the usual classical practice were invariably on the (then) edges of cities—the necropolis was always outside the polis.
James Stevenson, The Catacombs: Rediscovered Monuments of Early Christianity (Ancient Peoples and Places series), Thames & Hudson, 1978; James Stevenson, The Catacombs: Life and Death in Early Christianity, Thomas Nelson, 1985; Jocelyn Toynbee, Death and Burial in the Roman World, JHU Press, 1996 reprint, ISBN 0801855071, 9780801855078, google ...
The ancient Christians carved the first catacombs from soft tufa rock. (ref)" (World Book Encyclopedia, page 296) (ref)" (World Book Encyclopedia, page 296) All Roman catacombs were located outside city walls since it was illegal to bury a dead body within the city, [ 4 ] providing "a place…where martyrs ' tombs could be openly marked" and ...
A relic from the Holy Catacombs of Pancratius.Image taken at an exhibition at the Historical Museum St. Gallen in Wil, Switzerland. Catacomb saints were the bodies of ancient Christians that were carefully exhumed from the catacombs of Rome and sent abroad to serve as relics of certain saints from the 16th century to the 19th century. [1]
Early Christian inscriptions are the epigraphical remains of early Christianity. They are a valuable source of information in addition to the writings of the Church Fathers regarding the development of Christian thought and life in the first six centuries of the religion's existence. [ 2 ]
Founding of the church in Rome, 'Christians' as a separate group in Antioch Acts11,26 ~ 40–50 Emergence of pre-Pauline traditions - ~ 42 Paul joins Antioch Acts 11,25–26 43/44 Persecution under Agrippa I, Peter leaves Jerusalem and James becomes leader of the church Acts 12,1–4.17 ~ 45–47 1st missionary journey Acts 13–14 48
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With the legalizing of Christianity in 313 by the Emperor Constantine I, churches were built rapidly. Five very large churches were founded in Rome and, though much altered or rebuilt, still exist today, including the cathedral church of Rome, St John on the Lateran Hill and the papal St Peter's Basilica on the Vatican Hill, now the Vatican ...