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The GI cocktail is a mixture of a viscous anesthetic, an antacid, and an anticholinergic. [1] [2] Common viscous anesthetics use are viscous lidocaine or xylocaine.Common antacids used are magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, or simethicone (more commonly known as Mylanta or Maalox). [3]
Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic medication of the class Ib type. [7] This means it works by blocking sodium channels thus decreasing the rate of contractions of the heart. [10] [7] When injected near nerves, the nerves cannot conduct signals to or from the brain. [8] Lidocaine was discovered in 1946 and went on sale in 1948. [11]
Lidocaine/prilocaine is a eutectic mixture of equal quantities (by weight) of lidocaine and prilocaine. A 5% emulsion preparation, containing 2.5% each of lidocaine/prilocaine, is marketed by APP Pharmaceuticals under the trade name EMLA (an abbreviation for Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics ). [ 5 ]
Some common forms of anesthetic used are eye drops (e.g. tetracaine/proparacaine) or gel (e.g. lidocaine 2% or 4% jelly), which is applied topically. [12] [31] Other choices of anesthesia include the use of lidocaine soaked pledget (a small cotton or wool pad) and subconjunctival injection (injection under the conjunctiva) of anesthetic agents ...
Lidocaine's half-life in the body is about 1.5–2 hours. [2] The time it takes for the anesthetic medication to prevent pain in the area (speed of onset) and length of time that the area does not have painful sensations are considerations when choosing an appropriate approach to dental treatment.
A medical professional administering nose drops Instillation of eye drops. A topical medication is a medication that is applied to a particular place on or in the body. Most often topical medication means application to body surfaces such as the skin or mucous membranes to treat ailments via a large range of classes including creams, foams, gels, lotions, and ointments. [1]
[2] Topical anesthetics are used in ophthalmology and optometry to numb the surface of the eye (the outermost layers of the cornea and conjunctiva) to: Perform a contact/applanation tonometry. Perform a Schirmer's test (The Schirmer's test is sometimes used with a topical eye anesthetic, sometimes without. The use of a topical anesthetic might ...
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