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2 NH 3 + H 2 SO 4 → (NH 4) 2 SO 4. A mixture of ammonia gas and water vapor is introduced into a reactor that contains a saturated solution of ammonium sulfate and about 2% to 4% of free sulfuric acid at 60 °C. Concentrated sulfuric acid is added to keep the solution acidic, and to retain its level of free acid.
Ammonium iron(II) sulfate, or Mohr's salt, is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH 4) 2 SO 4 ·Fe(SO 4)·6H 2 O.Containing two different cations, Fe 2+ and NH + 4, it is classified as a double salt of ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate.
The molar mass of atoms of an element is given by the relative atomic mass of the element multiplied by the molar mass constant, M u ≈ 1.000 000 × 10 −3 kg/mol ≈ 1 g/mol. For normal samples from Earth with typical isotope composition, the atomic weight can be approximated by the standard atomic weight [ 2 ] or the conventional atomic weight.
Atomic number Element Molar mass Formal standard atomic weight s.a.w., formal short Note Z calculated; g·mol −1 A r, standard [2] A r, abridged and conventional [2]; C 9 H 8 O 4: 180.159 g·mol −1
2 NH 3 + SO 2 + H 2 O → (NH 4) 2 SO 3. Ammonium sulfite is produced in gas scrubbers, now obsolete, consisting of ammonium hydroxide to remove sulfur dioxide from emissions from power plants. The conversion is the basis of the Walther Process. The resulting ammonium sulfite can be air oxidized to give ammonium sulfate. [4]
Ammonium iron(III) sulfate, NH 4 Fe(SO 4) 2 ·12 H 2 O, or NH 4 [Fe(H 2 O) 6](SO 4) 2 ·6 H 2 O, also known as ferric ammonium sulfate (FAS) or iron alum, is a double salt in the class of alums, which consists of compounds with the general formula AB(SO 4) 2 · 12 H 2 O. [2] It has the appearance of weakly violet, octahedrical crystals.
Ammonium persulfate (APS) is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH 4) 2 S 2 O 8. It is a colourless (white) salt that is highly soluble in water, much more so than the related potassium salt. It is a strong oxidizing agent that is used as a catalyst in polymer chemistry, as an etchant, and as a cleaning and bleaching agent. [1]
The fifth column is the heat of vaporization needed to convert one gram of liquid to vapor. Freezing curve of ammonia-water system. Three eutectic points I. II. and III. are shown.