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Urinary tract infection: Yes: No: Yes: Clinical trials have confirmed its efficacy in this indication. [14] Bacterial infections: Acne vulgaris: No: No: No: At least one clinical trial supports its use in this indication. [37] Listeria: No: Yes: No: Well-designed clinical trials are lacking. Melioidosis: No: Yes: No
Antibiotic prophylaxis in domestic animal feed mixes has been employed in America since at least 1970. [1] Over time, the use of antibiotics for growth promotion purposes in livestock was discovered. In 1986, some European countries banned the use of antibiotics because of research they found that linked antibiotic use in livestock and drug ...
The discovery of antimicrobial agents contributed significantly to UTI management during the 20th century. Nitrofurantoin emerged as the first practical and safe urinary antimicrobial agent, but it was with limited spectrum of activity. [48] Subsequently, in the 1970s, beta-lactam antibiotics and TMP/SMX became available for UTI therapy. [48]
As a prophylactic against UTIs, nitrofurantoin was similarly effective to other antibiotics, with a UTI risk ratio of 0.38. [ 27 ] [ 28 ] Taken daily long-term as a prophylactic, there were no differences in effectiveness between different doses of nitrofurantoin (50 mg/day, 75 mg/day, 100 mg/day, or 50 mg twice daily). [ 27 ]
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects a part of the urinary tract. [1] Lower urinary tract infections may involve the bladder ( cystitis ) or urethra ( urethritis ) while upper urinary tract infections affect the kidney ( pyelonephritis ). [ 10 ]
Each test has its own indications and contraindications, but in a simplified fashion, how much a test is indicated for an individual depends largely on its net benefit for that individual, which largely depends on the absolute difference between pre- and post-test probability of conditions (such as diseases) that the test is expected to achieve ...