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Young tree in natural habitat American chestnut male (pollen) catkins. Castanea dentata is a rapidly-growing, large, deciduous hardwood eudicot tree. [20] A singular specimen manifest in Maine has attained a height of 115 feet (35 m) [21] Pre-blight sources give a maximum height of 100 feet (30 m) and a maximum circumference of 13 feet (4.0 m). [22]
Bark of C. sativa (sweet chestnut). Chestnut trees are of moderate growth rate (for the Chinese chestnut tree) to fast-growing for American and European species. [4] Their mature heights vary from the smallest species of chinkapins, often shrubby, [5] to the giant of past American forests, C. dentata that could reach 60 metres (200 feet).
The female flowers eventually form a spiky sheath that deters predators from the seed. [4] The sweet chestnut is naturally self incompatible, meaning that the plant cannot pollinate itself, making cross-pollination necessary. [5] Some cultivars only produce one large seed per cupule, while others produce up to three seeds. [5]
Aesculus hippocastanum, the horse chestnut, [1] [2] [3] is a species of flowering plant in the maple, soapberry and lychee family Sapindaceae. It is a large, deciduous, synoecious (hermaphroditic-flowered) tree. [4] It is also called horse-chestnut, [5] European horsechestnut, [6] buckeye, [7] and conker tree. [8]
Leaf and flower detail of a Chinese chestnut at New York Botanical Garden. It is a deciduous tree growing to 20 metres (66 ft) tall with a broad crown. The leaves are alternate, simple, 10–22 centimetres (4– 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) long and 4.5–8 cm (1 + 3 ⁄ 4 – 3 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) broad, with a toothed margin.
The most familiar member of the genus worldwide is the common horse chestnut, Aesculus hippocastanum. The yellow buckeye, Aesculus flava (syn. A. octandra), is also a valuable ornamental tree with yellow flowers, but is less widely planted. Among the smaller species is the bottlebrush buckeye, Aesculus parviflora, a flowering shrub
The nectar and pollen of the flowers is toxic to honeybees, [3] so the trees should not be planted near apiaries. [5] When the shoots are small and leaves are new, they are lower in toxins and are grazed by livestock and wildlife. [6] The flowers are a rich nectar source for many species of butterflies, [7] and squirrels and chipmunks consume ...
Calodendrum capense, the Cape chestnut, is an African tree which was first studied at The Cape in South Africa and cultivated widely for its prolific flower display. The tree obtained the common name of "Cape chestnut" because explorer William Burchell saw a resemblance to the horse chestnut in terms of flowers and fruit, though the two are not closely related.