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Only a small subset of possible byte strings are error-free UTF-8: several bytes cannot appear; a byte with the high bit set cannot be alone; and in a truly random string a byte with a high bit set has only a 1 ⁄ 15 chance of starting a valid UTF-8 character. This has the (possibly unintended) consequence of making it easy to detect if a ...
For example, an ASCII (or extended ASCII) scheme will use a single byte of computer memory, while a UTF-8 scheme will use one or more bytes, depending on the particular character being encoded. Alternative ways to encode character values include specifying an integer value for a code point, such as an ASCII code value or a Unicode code point.
Since Python 3.0, the default character set is UTF-8 both for source code and the interpreter. In UTF-8, unicode strings are handled like traditional byte strings. In UTF-8, unicode strings are handled like traditional byte strings.
The best-known is the string "From " (including trailing space) at the beginning of a line, used to separate mail messages in the mbox file format. By using a binary-to-text encoding on messages that are already plain text, then decoding on the other end, one can make such systems appear to be completely transparent .
Attempts to update to UTF-8 have been blocked by editors that do not display or write UTF-8 unless the first character in a file is a byte order mark, making it impossible for other software to use UTF-8 without being rewritten to ignore the byte order mark on input and add it on output. UTF-16 files are also fairly common on Windows, but not ...
# of bytes is 2^nnnn, big-endian bytes (1, 2, 4, or 8) NSNumber: CFNumber: real: 0010 nnnn # of bytes is 2^nnnn, big-endian bytes (4 or 8) NSDate: CFDate: date: 0011 0011: 8 byte float follows, big-endian bytes; seconds from 1/1/2001 (Core Data epoch) NSData: CFData: data: 0100 nnnn [int] nnnn is number of bytes unless 1111 then int count ...
This distinction has been deprecated since Python 3.3, which introduced a flexibly-sized UCS1/2/4 storage for strings and formally aliased Py_UNICODE to wchar_t. [8] Since Python 3.12 use of wchar_t, i.e. the Py_UNICODE typedef, for Python strings (wstr in implementation) has been dropped and still as before an "UTF-8 representation is created ...
UTF-8-encoded, preceded by varint-encoded integer length of string in bytes Repeated value with the same tag or, for varint-encoded integers only, values packed contiguously and prefixed by tag and total byte length — Smile \x21