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Photosynthesis is the main means by which plants, algae and many bacteria produce organic compounds and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water (green arrow). An autotroph is an organism that can convert abiotic sources of energy into energy stored in organic compounds, which can be used by other organisms.
Winogradsky column showing Photoautotrophs in purple and green. Photoautotrophs are organisms that can utilize light energy from sunlight and elements (such as carbon) from inorganic compounds to produce organic materials needed to sustain their own metabolism (i.e. autotrophy).
Nitrifying bacteria are chemolithotrophic organisms that include species of genera such as Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrobacter, Nitrospina, Nitrospira and Nitrococcus. These bacteria get their energy from the oxidation of inorganic nitrogen compounds . [ 1 ]
Endospore-forming bacteria can cause disease; for example, ... such as cyanobacteria and some purple bacteria, are autotrophic, ... In nature, many organisms live ...
An example of a cyanobacterial species that does so is Microcoleus vaginatus. M. vaginatus stabilizes soil using a polysaccharide sheath that binds to sand particles and absorbs water. [ 102 ] M. vaginatus also makes a significant contribution to the cohesion of biological soil crust .
Nitrosomonas is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria, belonging to the Betaproteobacteria.It is one of the five genera of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria [8] and, as an obligate chemolithoautotroph, [9] uses ammonia as an energy source and carbon dioxide as a carbon source in the presence of oxygen.
Chemoautotrophs generally fall into several groups: methanogens, sulfur oxidizers and reducers, nitrifiers, anammox bacteria, and thermoacidophiles. An example of one of these prokaryotes would be Sulfolobus. Chemolithotrophic growth can be dramatically fast, such as Hydrogenovibrio crunogenus with a doubling time around one hour. [2] [3]
Nitrobacter are gram-negative bacteria and are either rod-shaped, pear-shaped or pleomorphic. [1] [2] They are typically 0.5–0.9 μm in width and 1.0–2.0 μm in length and have an intra-cytomembrane polar cap.