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Rack and pinion unit mounted in the cockpit of an Ariel Atom sports car chassis, atypical of contemporary production automobiles Non-assisted steering box of a motor vehicle. Many modern cars have a steering mechanism called a rack and pinion. The steering wheel turns a pinion gear, which moves a rack back and forth to steer the wheels.
A rack and pinion has roughly the same purpose as a worm gear with a rack replacing the gear, in that both convert torque to linear force. However the rack and pinion generally provides higher linear speed — since a full turn of the pinion displaces the rack by an amount equal to the pinion's pitch circle whereas a full rotation of the worm screw only displaces the rack by one tooth width.
The versions are distinguished by the degree of rear steering and actuator for the rear steering rack, with the earliest version using a passive system to steer the rear wheels ("HICAS"), an intermediate version using a hydraulic actuator ("HICAS II"), and a later version using a hydraulic or electric actuator with additional programming ("Super HICAS").
The steering pivot points [clarification needed] are joined by a rigid bar called the tie rod, which can also be part of the steering mechanism, in the form of a rack and pinion for instance. With perfect Ackermann, at any angle of steering, the centre point of all of the circles traced by all wheels will lie at a common point.
Steering column assembly; Steering rack (a form of steering gear; see also rack and pinion and recirculating ball) Steering shaft; Steering wheel (driving wheel) Strut;
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