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Prior to Windows 8, this mode was known as "Startup Repair." [24] The executable image for Automatic Repair is startrep.exe; System Restore: Same as the System Restore that is included in Windows, it allows a system's settings to be restored to those of a previous state.
Safe Mode with Command Prompt (/SAFEBOOT:MINIMAL(ALTERNATESHELL) /SOS /BOOTLOG /NOGUIBOOT) – Default mode, except that Cmd.exe starts instead of Windows Explorer. [11] Windows in Directory Services Restore Mode (/SAFEBOOT:DSREPAIR /SOS) – (This mode is valid only for Windows-based domain controllers.) Performs a directory service repair. [11]
In Windows Vista, Windows 7 and Windows 10, System File Checker is integrated with Windows Resource Protection (WRP), which protects registry keys and folders as well as critical system files. Under Windows Vista, sfc.exe can be used to check specific folder paths, including the Windows folder and the boot folder.
In all versions of Windows 9x except ME, it is also possible to load Windows by booting to a DOS prompt and typing "win". There are some command line switches that can be used with the WIN command: with the /D switch, Windows boots to safe mode , and with the /D:n switch, Windows boots to safe mode with networking.
When called from ntdll.dll in user mode, these groups are almost exactly the same; they execute an interrupt into kernel mode and call the equivalent function in ntoskrnl.exe via the SSDT. When calling the functions directly in ntoskrnl.exe (only possible in kernel mode), the Zw variants ensure kernel mode, whereas the Nt variants do not. [1]
The upper part is accessible only from kernel mode, and with some exceptions, is instantiated just once, system-wide. ntoskrnl.exe is mapped into this region, as are several other kernel mode components. This region also contains data used by kernel mode code, such as the kernel mode heaps and the file system cache.
After recompiling a kernel binary image from source code, a kernel panic while booting the resulting kernel is a common problem if the kernel was not correctly configured, compiled or installed. [8] Add-on hardware or malfunctioning RAM could also be sources of fatal kernel errors during start up, due to incompatibility with the OS or a missing ...
SoftICE is a kernel mode debugger for DOS and Windows up to Windows XP.It is designed to run underneath Windows, so that the operating system is unaware of its presence. Unlike an application debugger, SoftICE is capable of suspending all operations in Windows when instructed.