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Cerebral softening, also known as encephalomalacia, is a localized softening of the substance of the brain, due to bleeding or inflammation. Three varieties, distinguished by their color and representing different stages of the disease progress, are known respectively as red, yellow, and white softening.
One team is able to reconstruct the entire external ear and ear canal in one operation. Reconstruct the ear using a polyethylene plastic implant (also called Medpor): This is a 1–2 stage surgery that can start at age 3 and can be done as an outpatient without hospitalization. Using the porous framework, which allows the patient's tissue to ...
The outer ear acts like a funnel and takes in the sound. The middle ear holds the tympanic membrane, or ear drum and several little bones that are moved by the sound waves that have entered the ear via the canal. These movements are very small, like vibrations and are transmitted to the inner ear.
Inner ear malformations, however, are not typically seen in this population. Middle ear disease is common among individuals with Nager syndrome. Chronic otitis media and Eustachian tube deformity can result in conductive hearing loss. For this reason, early detection and treatment for middle ear disease is crucial in this population.
Patulous Eustachian tube is a physical disorder. The exact causes may vary depending on the person and are often unknown. [5] Weight loss is a commonly cited cause of the disorder due to the nature of the Eustachian tube itself and is associated with approximately one-third of reported cases. [6]
Preliminary diagnostic procedures include ear examination, hearing and vestibular testing. Typical symptoms include unilateral tinnitus, progressive hearing loss and vertigo. Usually diagnostic sensitivity is increased with one or more otological symptom. The rate of VS pick up with unilateral tinnitus alone using MRI has been shown to be <0.1% ...
The disorder is characterised by the absence of the mandible (agnathia), with the ears fused together just below the chin (synotia). In addition to agnathia and synotia, other symptoms that may manifest in otocephaly include: [2] Facial/musculoskeletal Small (microglossia) or absent (aglossia) tongue; Small (microstomia) or absent (astomia) mouth
The cochlear amplifier is a positive feedback mechanism within the cochlea that provides acute sensitivity in the mammalian auditory system. [1] The main component of the cochlear amplifier is the outer hair cell (OHC) which increases the amplitude and frequency selectivity of sound vibrations using electromechanical feedback.