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The etymology behind the term "clue" cell derives from the original research article from Gardner and Dukes describing the characteristic cells. The name was chosen for its brevity in describing the sine qua non of bacterial vaginosis. [1] They are a medical sign of bacterial vaginosis, particularly that caused by Gardnerella vaginalis, [2] a ...
A vaginal wet mount with a clue cell, indicating bacterial vaginosis. Bacterial vaginosis generally produces a vaginal discharge that is thin and milky with a fishy odor. [1] Diagnosis is made using Amsel Criteria - three of the four following criteria must be met: >20% of the epithelial cells are clue cells (the single most reliable predictor) [4]
A pH greater than 4.5 is considered alkaline and is suggestive of bacterial vaginosis. [citation needed] The presence of clue cells on wet mount. Similar to the whiff test, the test for clue cells is performed by placing a drop of sodium chloride solution on a slide containing vaginal discharge. If present, clue cells can be visualized under a ...
The three main causes are infections, specifically bacterial vaginosis, vaginal yeast infection, and trichomoniasis. [2] Other causes include allergies to substances such as spermicides or soaps or as a result of low estrogen levels during breast-feeding or after menopause. [2] More than one cause may exist at a time. [2] The common causes vary ...
Gram stain of cells from the vagina (the same magnification) with normal bacterial flora (top) and the bacteria that cause vaginosis (bottom). A variety of diagnosis techniques are currently available for identifying Gardnerella vaginalis such as the OSOM BV Blue assay, FemExam cards and nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), resulting in the determination of ongoing BV.
Medicines primarily delivered by intravaginal administration include vaginally administered estrogens and progestogens (a group of hormones including progesterone), and antibacterials and antifungals to treat bacterial vaginosis and yeast infections respectively.