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The term "bendopnea" (meaning "bent" and "breath") was coined to be easily identifiable among patients and physicians. [ 3 ] Bendopnea should be distinguished from orthopnea (shortness of breath while lying down), trepopnea (shortness of breath while lying on one side), and platypnea (shortness of breath relieved by lying down and worsened when ...
Shortness of breath (SOB), known as dyspnea (in AmE) or dyspnoea (in BrE), is an uncomfortable feeling of not being able to breathe well enough. The American Thoracic Society defines it as "a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity", and recommends evaluating dyspnea by assessing the intensity of its distinct ...
Orthopnea or orthopnoea [1] is shortness of breath (dyspnea) that occurs when lying flat, [2] causing the person to have to sleep propped up in bed or sitting in a chair. It is commonly seen as a late manifestation of heart failure, resulting from fluid redistribution into the central circulation, causing an increase in pulmonary capillary pressure and causing difficulty in breathing.
Trepopnea /tɹɛpəʊpˈniːə/ is dyspnea (shortness of breath) that is sensed while lying on one side but not on the other [1] (lateral recumbent position). It results from disease of one lung, one major bronchus, or chronic congestive heart failure that affects only a side of breathing.
Platypnea or platypnoea is shortness of breath (dyspnea) that is relieved when lying down, and worsens when sitting or standing upright. It is the opposite of orthopnea. [1] The condition was first described in 1949 and named in 1969.
Total surgical repair of TOF is a curative surgery. Different techniques can be used in performing TOF repair. One method to permit pulmonary blood flow post-birth is the stenting of the ductus arterious (DA) through the inducement of a systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. This surgical approach has an 83% success rate.
Pharyngeal flap surgery has been completed in both children and adults. When younger children undergo the surgery, fewer speech impairments tend to occur. A possible explanation is that the earlier the surgery, the less likely the child will have developed compensatory strategies to overcome the velopharyngeal incompetence (Armour et al., 2005).
During this stage, children need vital nutrients and personal interaction for their brains to grow properly. Children's brains will expand and become more developed in these early years. Although adults play a huge part in early childhood development, the most important way children develop is through interaction with other children. [9]