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Aesculus hippocastanum, the horse chestnut, [1] [2] [3] is a species of flowering plant in the maple, soapberry and lychee family Sapindaceae. It is a large, deciduous, synoecious (hermaphroditic-flowered) tree. [4] It is also called horse-chestnut, [5] European horsechestnut, [6] buckeye, [7] and conker tree. [8]
Aesculus × carnea, or red horse-chestnut, [1] is a medium-sized tree, an artificial hybrid between A. pavia (red buckeye) and A. hippocastanum (horse-chestnut). Its origin uncertain, probably appearing in Germany before 1820. It is a popular tree in large gardens and parks; and is even present in Hyde Park, London. [2]
Aesculus glabra Ohio buckeye Flower of Aesculus x carnea, the red horse chestnut Fruit of a Horse-chestnut still in a half cocoon of which the fragile sprout has already reached the soil. The genus Aesculus ( / ˈ ɛ s k j ʊ l ə s / [ 1 ] or / ˈ aɪ s k j ʊ l ə s / ), with species called buckeye and horse chestnut , comprises 13–19 ...
The flowers are sweet-scented, white to pale pink, borne on erect panicles 15–20 cm (6–8 in) long and 5–8 cm (2–3 in) broad. The fruit is a fig -shaped capsule 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long, containing a large, round, orange-brown seed , measuring 2–7 cm (0.8–2.8 in).
Red buckeye has hybridized with common horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) in cultivation, the hybrid being named Aesculus × carnea, red horse-chestnut. The hybrid is a medium-sized tree to 13.5–17 m (45–55 ft) tall, intermediate between the parent species in most respects, but inheriting the red flower color from A. pavia.
Calodendrum capense, the Cape chestnut, is an African tree which was first studied at The Cape in South Africa and cultivated widely for its prolific flower display. The tree obtained the common name of "Cape chestnut" because explorer William Burchell saw a resemblance to the horse chestnut in terms of flowers and fruit, though the two are not closely related.
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It is a substantial, herbaceous perennial growing to 2 m (7 ft) tall by 1 m (3 ft) broad, with textured palmate leaves up to 25 cm (10 in) long, and 60 cm (24 in) erect panicles made up of tiny, star-shaped white or pink flowers in summer. The leaves resemble those of the horse chestnut, hence the specific epithet aesculifolia (chestnut-leaved).