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The loudness of the murmur does not correlate well with the severity of regurgitation. It may be followed by a loud, palpable P 2, [6] heard best when lying on the left side. [7] A third heart sound is commonly heard. [6] Patients with mitral valve prolapse may have a holosystolic murmur or often a mid-to-late systolic click and a late systolic ...
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a valvular heart disease characterized by the displacement of an abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflet into the left atrium during systole. [4] It is the primary form of myxomatous degeneration of the valve.
Patients with a mitral valve prolapse are usually asymptomatic, but often have a classic heart murmur which includes a mid-systolic click, which is sometimes followed by a systolic murmur. The click is a result of the leaflet folding into the atrium and being suddenly stopped by the chordae tendineae.
More pronounced regurgitation that is noticed through a routine physical examination is a medical sign of disease and warrants further investigation. [medical citation needed] If it is secondary to pulmonary hypertension it is referred to as a Graham Steell murmur. [7]
Given the many possible treatments that are to come, future research is continuing to find better methods of treating Lutembacher patients non-invasively as with percutaneous therapy. Without successfully treating Lutembacher's more serious complications can occur such as heart failure or even disorders such as Eisenmenger syndrome.
Valvular heart disease resulting from rheumatic fever is referred to as rheumatic heart disease. Acute rheumatic fever, which frequently manifests with carditis and valvulitis, [ 20 ] is a late sequela of Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus infection in the throat, often lagging the initial infection by weeks to months. [ 21 ]
Murmurs are of various types and are important in the detection of cardiac and valvular pathologies (i.e. can be a sign of heart diseases or defects). There are two types of murmur. A functional murmur is a benign heart murmur that is primarily due to physiologic conditions outside the heart. The other type of heart murmur is due to a ...
Almost all cases of mitral stenosis are due to disease in the heart secondary to rheumatic fever and the consequent rheumatic heart disease. [3] [5] Uncommon causes of mitral stenosis are calcification [6] [7] of the mitral valve leaflets, and as a form of congenital heart disease. It is the most common valvular heart disease in pregnancy. [8]