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The venom composition of the deathstalker scorpion contains neurotoxins which are almost completely responsible for this symptom. The poison from this scorpion contain 4 components: chlorotoxin, charybdotoxin, scyllatoxin, and agitoxins. Upon injection with the venom, sacral parasympathetic nerve are stimulated causing a change in the neuronal ...
Tityustoxin-1, TsTX-I is the most toxic protein among the neurotoxins in this venom, with an intravenous and intracisternal LD 50 (mouse) of 76 ± 9 and 1.1 ± 0.3 μg/kg, respectively. The identification of TsTX-I as a potent component of T. serrulatus venom characterized it as the major and main neurotoxin from this venom. [1]
The deathstalker is one of the most dangerous species of scorpions. [10] [11] Its venom is a powerful mixture of neurotoxins, with a low lethal dose. [12]While a sting from this scorpion is extraordinarily painful, it normally would not kill a healthy adult human.
1,500 scorpions are required to produce a single gram of venom – which can be worth as much as $30,000 Egyptian company extracts venom from thousands of scorpions [Video] Skip to main content
Scorpion toxins are proteins found in the venom of scorpions.Their toxic effect may be mammal- or insect-specific and acts by binding with varying degrees of specificity to members of the Voltage-gated ion channel superfamily; specifically, voltage-gated sodium channels, voltage-gated potassium channels, [3] and Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels.
The deathstalker's powerful venom contains the 36-amino acid peptide chlorotoxin.This blocks small-conductance chloride channels, immobilizing its prey. [1]Short-chain scorpion toxins constitute the largest group of potassium (K +) channel-blocking peptides.
Charybdotoxin (ChTX) is a 37 amino acid neurotoxin from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus (deathstalker) that blocks calcium-activated potassium channels. [2] This blockade causes hyperexcitability of the nervous system. It is a close homologue of agitoxin and both toxins come from Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus.
Parabuthus transvaalicus is a dangerous, medically significant scorpion, which can both sting and spray its kurtoxin venom. [2] The first droplet of venom differs from the rest, and is referred to as "pre-venom". [4] A further potassium channel inhibitor, parabutoxin, has been isolated from the venom of P. transvaalicus. [5]