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A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a cyclic compound that has atoms of at least two different elements as members of its ring(s). [1] Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles .
In organic chemistry, the phenyl group, or phenyl ring, is a cyclic group of atoms with the formula C6H5, and is often represented by the symbol Ph (archaically φ) or Ø. The phenyl group is closely related to benzene and can be viewed as a benzene ring, minus a hydrogen, which may be replaced by some other element or compound to serve as a ...
Benzene and cyclohexane have a similar structure, only the ring of delocalized electrons and the loss of one hydrogen per carbon distinguishes it from cyclohexane. The molecule is planar. [ 58 ] The molecular orbital description involves the formation of three delocalized π orbitals spanning all six carbon atoms, while the valence bond ...
Heteroarenes are aromatic compounds, where at least one methine or vinylene (-C= or -CH=CH-) group is replaced by a heteroatom: oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. [3] Examples of non-benzene compounds with aromatic properties are furan, a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered ring that includes a single oxygen atom, and pyridine, a heterocyclic compound with a six-membered ring containing one ...
A heterocycle or heterocyclic ring is a ring containing atoms of at least two different elements, i.e. a non-homocyclic ring. [2] A carbocycle or carbocyclic ring is a homocyclic ring in which all of the atoms are carbon. [3] An important class of carbocycles are alicyclic rings, [4] and an important subclass of these are cycloalkanes.
Chrysene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with the molecular formula C 18 H 12 [4] that consists of four fused benzene rings. It is a natural constituent of coal tar, from which it was first isolated and characterized.
In IUPAC nomenclature, the prefix benzyl refers to a C 6 H 5 CH 2 substituent, for example benzyl chloride or benzyl benzoate. Benzyl is not to be confused with phenyl with the formula C 6 H 5. The term benzylic is used to describe the position of the first carbon bonded to a benzene or other aromatic ring.
The simplest aryl group is phenyl, which is made up of a benzene ring with one of its hydrogen atom replaced by some substituent, and has the molecular formula C 6 H 5 −. Note that a phenyl group is not the same as a benzyl group , the latter consisting of a phenyl group attached to a methyl group and a molecular formula of C 6 H 5 CH 2 − .