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Index inducer or just inducer predictably induce metabolism via a given pathway and are commonly used in prospective clinical drug-drug interaction studies. [2]Strong, moderate, and weak inducers are drugs that decreases the AUC of sensitive index substrates of a given metabolic pathway by ≥80%, ≥50% to <80%, and ≥20% to <50%, respectively.
Gene regulation works using operators and repressors in bacteria. Gene Regulation can be summarized by the response of the respective system: Inducible systems - An inducible system is off unless there is the presence of some molecule (called an inducer) that allows for gene expression. The molecule is said to "induce expression".
Activator binds to an inducer and the complex binds to the activation sequence and activates target gene. [2] Removing the inducer stops transcription. [2] Because a small inducer molecule is required, the increased expression of the target gene is called induction. [2] The lactose operon is one example of an inducible system. [2]
An inducible gene is a gene whose expression is either responsive to environmental change or dependent on the position in the cell cycle. Any step of gene expression may be modulated, from the DNA-RNA transcription step to post-translational modification of a protein. The stability of the final gene product, whether it is RNA or protein, also ...
TIMP1 is an inhibitory molecule that regulates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and disintegrin-metalloproteinases (ADAMs and ADAMTSs). [6] In regulating MMPs, TIMP1 plays a crucial role in extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, wound healing, [7] and pregnancy. [8] [9] [10] The dysregulated activity of TIMP1 has been implicated in cancer. [11]
DNA damage-inducible transcript 3, also known as C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), is a pro-apoptotic transcription factor that is encoded by the DDIT3 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] It is a member of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family of DNA-binding transcription factors. [ 6 ]
The canonical Wnt pathway leads to regulation of gene transcription, and is thought to be negatively regulated in part by the SPATS1 gene. [4] The noncanonical planar cell polarity pathway regulates the cytoskeleton that is responsible for the shape of the cell. The noncanonical Wnt/calcium pathway regulates calcium inside the cell.
WNT1-inducible-signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP-1), [5] is a member of the CCN protein family and should correctly be referred to as CCN4 as suggested by the International CCN Society. [6] It is a matricellular protein that in humans is encoded by the WISP1 gene .