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Connecting rods (rotating around the piston end as required by the varying horizontal offset between the piston and the crank throw) The imbalances can be caused by either the static mass of individual components or the cylinder layout of the engine, as detailed in the following sections.
A connecting rod, also called a 'con rod', [1] [2] [3] is the part of a piston engine which connects the piston to the crankshaft. Together with the crank, the connecting rod converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotation of the crankshaft. [4] The connecting rod is required to transmit the compressive and tensile forces from ...
It is located in a cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston rings. Its purpose is to transfer force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston rod and/or connecting rod. In two-stroke engines the piston also acts as a valve by covering and uncovering ports in the cylinder wall.
Attached to the end of the crank by a pivot is a rod, usually called a connecting rod (conrod). The term often refers to a human-powered crank which is used to manually turn an axle, as in a bicycle crankset or a brace and bit drill. In this case a person's arm or leg serves as the connecting rod, applying reciprocating force to the crank.
An internal combustion engine is acted upon by the pressure of the expanding combustion gases in the combustion chamber space at the top of the cylinder. This force then acts downwards through the connecting rod and onto the crankshaft. The connecting rod is attached to the piston by a swivelling gudgeon pin (US: wrist pin).
Bent connecting rod after hydrolock Same connecting rod, turned 90° The term "hydrolock" is commonly used to describe a condition where an engine becomes immobilized due to the presence of liquid—typically water or coolant—in the combustion chamber. However, "hydrolock" is not a scientifically recognized term in fluid mechanics or engineering.
The crankpin connects to the larger end of the connecting rod for each cylinder. This end of the connecting rod is called the "big end", as opposed to the "small end" or "little end" (which connects to the wrist/gudgeon pin in the piston). The bearing which allows the crankpin to rotate around its shaft is called the "rod bearing". [5]
A return connecting rod, [1] [2] return piston rod [i] or (in marine parlance) double piston rod engine [2] or back-acting engine is a particular layout for a steam engine. The key attribute of this layout is that the piston rod emerges from the cylinder to the crosshead , but the connecting rod then reverses direction and goes backwards to the ...