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  2. Vassal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vassal

    A vassal swears the oath of fealty before Count Palatine Frederick I of the Palatinate. A vassal [1] or liege subject [2] is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe. While the subordinate party is called a vassal, the dominant party is called a suzerain.

  3. Feudalism in the Holy Roman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feudalism_in_the_Holy...

    A Roman citizen, a non-Roman and even entire tribes in the Roman Empire could have a patron-client relationship. In Late Antiquity, this form of relationship was increasingly adopted in rural areas, because the Roman nomenklatura increasingly saw their vast estates ( Latifundia ) as their refuge and also as economically important pillars, over ...

  4. Vestal Virgin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestal_Virgin

    2nd-century AD Roman statue of a Virgo Vestalis Maxima (National Roman Museum) 1st-century BC (43–39 BC) aureus depicting a seated Vestal Virgin marked vestalis. In ancient Rome, the Vestal Virgins or Vestals (Latin: Vestālēs, singular Vestālis [wɛsˈtaːlɪs]) were priestesses of Vesta, virgin goddess of Rome's sacred hearth and its flame.

  5. Feudalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feudalism

    The vassal's principal obligation to the lord was to provide aid or military service. Using whatever equipment the vassal could obtain by virtue of the revenues from the fief, the vassal had to answer calls to military service by the lord. This security of military help was the primary reason the lord entered into the feudal relationship.

  6. Vassal state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vassal_state

    A vassal state is any state that has a mutual obligation to a superior state or empire, in a status similar to that of a vassal in the feudal system in medieval Europe. Vassal states were common among the empires of the Near East, dating back to the era of the Egyptian, Hittite, and Mitanni conflict, as well as in ancient China.

  7. Roman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire

    Winged Victory, ancient Roman fresco of the Neronian era from Pompeii The Roman Empire under Hadrian (ruled 117–138) showing the location of the Roman legions deployed in 125 AD. After the Punic Wars, the Roman army comprised professional soldiers who volunteered for 20 years of active duty and five as reserves.

  8. List of Roman client rulers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Roman_client_rulers

    This is a list of the client rulers of Ancient Rome, sectioned by the kingdom, giving the years the ruler was on the throne, and separating Kings and Queens.. Rome's foreign clients were called amici populi Romani (friends of the Roman people) and listed on the tabula amicorum (table of friends).

  9. Roman citizenship - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_citizenship

    The oldest document currently available that details the rights of citizenship is the Twelve Tables, ratified c. 449 BC. [1] Much of the text of the Tables only exists in fragments, but during the time of Ancient Rome the Tables would be displayed in full in the Roman Forum for all to see.