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Fill materials are used to fill in missing parts or breaks in a ceramic piece in order to stabilize the piece. A wide range of materials and techniques have been used to restore losses in ceramics. Today the most common filling materials are made from calcium-sulphate-based fillers or synthetic resins such as epoxy, acrylic, or polyester resin.
Crazing is a spider web pattern of cracks penetrating the glaze. It is caused by tensile stresses greater than the glaze is able to withstand. [1] [2] Common reasons for such stresses are: a mismatch between the thermal expansions of glaze and body; from moisture expansion of the body; and in the case of glazed tiles fixed to a wall, movement of the wall or of the bonding material used to fix ...
Staple repair is another technique used to repair broken ceramic pieces, [26] where small holes are drilled on either side of a crack and metal staples are bent to hold the pieces together. [27] Staple repair was used in Europe (in ancient Greece, England and Russia among others), South America, [ 28 ] and China as a repair technique for ...
Typical French craquelure in a portrait from c. 1750, larger and less regular patterns, with curving cracks. Painting systems are composed of complex layers with unique mechanical properties that depend on the type of drying oil or paint medium used and the presence of paint additives, such as organic solvents, surfactants, and plasticizers.
Pottery fracture results from stress within a ceramic body due to thermal expansion and contraction, shrinkage, and other forces. Poor drying or uneven compression and alignment of particles can result in low strength. Cracking may appear in greenware as well as each stage of the firing including bisqueware and glazed ware. [1]
However, a bathtub with surface-level web-shaped cracks can be refinished and last many more years. [1] If there is rust on the bathtub, then that part should be removed and treated as necessary; otherwise, the rust can spread. [1] If the bathtub cannot hold water, chips or cracks can be filled with a polyester putty such as Bondo.