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Total cholesterol is defined as the sum of HDL, LDL, and VLDL. Usually, only the total, HDL, and triglycerides are measured. For cost reasons, the VLDL is usually estimated as one-fifth of the triglycerides and the LDL is estimated using the Friedewald formula (or a variant): estimated LDL = [total cholesterol] − [total HDL] − [estimated ...
Total cholesterol: Less than 200 mg/dL. LDL cholesterol: Less than 100 mg/dL (below 70 mg/dL if coronary artery disease is present) HDL cholesterol: 60 mg/dL or higher. Triglycerides: Less than ...
Rates of high total cholesterol in the United States in 2010 are just over 13%, down from 17% in 2000. [89] Average total cholesterol in the United Kingdom is 5.9 mmol/L, while in rural China and Japan, average total cholesterol is 4 mmol/L. [10] Rates of coronary artery disease are high in Great Britain, but low in rural China and Japan. [10]
where H is HDL cholesterol, L is LDL cholesterol, C is total cholesterol, T are triglycerides, and k is 0.20 if the quantities are measured in mg/dL and 0.45 if in mmol/L. There are limitations to this method, most notably that samples must be obtained after a 12 to 14 h fast and that LDL-C cannot be calculated if plasma triglyceride is >4.52 ...
For instance, someone's total cholesterol may be high, but this may be due to very high HDL ("good cholesterol") cholesterol levels,—which can help prevent heart disease (the test is mainly concerned with high LDL, or "bad cholesterol" levels). So, while a high total cholesterol level may help give an indication that there is a problem with ...
For this reason, total LDL is referred to as "bad cholesterol," although only a fraction of it is actually bad. Standard chemistry panels typically include total triglyceride, LDL and HDL levels in the blood. Measuring the concentration of sd-LDL is expensive.