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In Plato's Republic, the character of Socrates is highly critical of democracy and instead proposes, as an ideal political state, a hierarchal system of three classes: philosopher-kings or guardians who make the decisions, soldiers or "auxiliaries" who protect the society, and producers who create goods and do other work. [1]
In Books VIII–IX stand Plato's criticism of the forms of government. Plato categorized governments into five types of regimes: aristocracy , timocracy , oligarchy , democracy , and tyranny . The starting point is an imagined, alternate aristocracy (ruled by a philosopher-king); a just government ruled by a philosopher king , dominated by the ...
Crito (/ ˈ k r aɪ t oʊ / KRY-toh or / ˈ k r iː t oʊ / KREE-toh; Ancient Greek: Κρίτων) is a dialogue written by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato.It depicts a conversation between Socrates and his wealthy friend Crito of Alopece regarding justice (δικαιοσύνη), injustice (ἀδικία), and the appropriate response to injustice.
On Justice (Ancient Greek: Περὶ Δικαίου; Latin: De Justo [1]) is a Socratic dialogue that was once thought to be the work of Plato. [2] In the short dialogue, Socrates discusses with a friend questions about what is just and unjust.
Popper argues that Plato's emphasis on breeding for the creation of a race of godlike men and women destined for kingship and mastery is an attempt to create a perfect society dominated by a class of rulers. Furthermore, Plato's philosophy was a practical political manifesto rather than a theoretical treatise, and his idea of the philosopher ...
More-recent scholarship has overturned this accusation arguing that part of the novelty of Plato's theory of the soul is that it was the first to unite the different features and powers of the soul that became commonplace in later ancient and medieval philosophy. [11]
Plato (/ ˈ p l eɪ t oʊ / PLAY-toe; [1] Greek: Πλάτων, Plátōn; born c. 428–423 BC, died 348 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher of the Classical period who is considered a foundational thinker in Western philosophy and an innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms.
The Defense of Justice in Plato's Republic, in R. Kraut (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Plato, Cambridge University Press, 1992, p. 311-337. Return to the Cave: Republic 519-521, In Oxford Readings in Philosophy: Plato: Ethics, Politics, Religion, and the Soul, ed. by Gail Fine, Oxford University Press, 1999