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Trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis (TMC OA) is, also known as osteoarthritis at the base of the thumb, thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis, basilar (or basal) joint arthritis, or as rhizarthrosis. [ 3 ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This joint is formed by the trapezium bone of the wrist and the metacarpal bone of the thumb.
They are seen in osteoarthritis, where they are caused by the formation of calcific spurs of the articular (joint) cartilage. Much less commonly, they may be seen in rheumatoid arthritis, where nodes are caused by antibody deposition to the synovium. A Bouchard's node on the proximal interphalangeal joint of the index finger of a 64 year old man.
Arthrosis, osteoarthrosis, degenerative arthritis, degenerative joint disease: The formation of hard knobs at the middle finger joints (known as Bouchard's nodes) and at the farthest joints of the fingers (known as Heberden's nodes) is a common feature of osteoarthritis in the hands. Pronunciation /
"Z-thumb" or "Z-deformity" consists of hyperextension of the interphalangeal joint, fixed flexion and subluxation of the metacarpophalangeal joint and gives a "Z" appearance to the thumb. [16]: 1098 The hammer toe deformity may be seen. In the worst case, joints are known as arthritis mutilans due to the mutilating nature of the deformities. [20]
Inflammatory arthritis can sometimes cause symptoms in parts of the body other than the joints, like the eyes, heart, or lungs. As arthritis progresses, joint damage can get worse.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a primary cause of swan-neck deformity due to the presence of inflammation of the joints. [11] Additionally, swan-neck deformity can be caused by weakening or tearing of the ligament and tendon on the middle joint of a finger. [10]