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The screw pump is the oldest positive displacement pump. [1] The first records of a water screw, or screw pump, date back to Hellenistic Egypt before the 3rd century BC. [1] [3] The Egyptian screw, used to lift water from the Nile, was composed of tubes wound round a cylinder; as the entire unit rotates, water is lifted within the spiral tube to the higher elevation.
Three principal forms exist; In its simplest form (the Archimedes' screw pump or 'water screw'), a single screw rotates in a cylindrical cavity, thereby gravitationally trapping some material on top of a section of the screw as if it was a scoop, and progressively moving the material along the screw's axle until it is discharged at the top.
The Archimedes screw generator consists of a rotor in the shape of an Archimedean screw which rotates in a semicircular trough. Water flows into the screw and its weight presses down onto the blades of the turbine, which in turn forces the turbine to turn. Water flows freely off the end of the screw into the river.
The spiral pump, as many low lift pumps, is commonly used for irrigation purposes and for drainage of lands. Based on the same principle as the Archimedean screw, it consists of a rotating tube or plane (screw) to move a liquid. Unlike the Archimedean screw, it can pump while horizontal. The Archimedean screw must be tilted at an angle.
Universal mechanical principle that was discovered and first applied by the engineer Ctesibius in his double-action piston pump, which was later developed further by Heron to a fire hose (see below). [33] Levers: c. 260 BC First described about 260 BC by the ancient Greek mathematician Archimedes. Although used in prehistoric times, they were ...
The water screw, popularly known as the Archimedes' screw and also known as the screw pump, Archimedean screw, or Egyptian screw,[1] is a machine used for transferring water from a low-lying body of water into irrigation ditches. Jeffrey Walton 16:21, 18 February 2021 (UTC)
The tightening screw's worm thread engages with the slots on the clamp band. Occasionally a worm drive is designed to run in reverse, resulting in the worm shaft turning much faster than the input. Examples of this may be seen in some hand-cranked centrifuges, blacksmithing forge blower, or the wind governor in a musical box.
Described by Vitruvius, Archimedes' device may have been an improvement on a screw pump that was used to irrigate the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. [49] [50] The world's first seagoing steamship with a screw propeller was the SS Archimedes, which was launched in 1839 and named in honor of Archimedes and his work on the screw. [51]