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Systems theory is manifest in the work of practitioners in many disciplines, for example the works of physician Alexander Bogdanov, biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy, linguist Béla H. Bánáthy, and sociologist Talcott Parsons; in the study of ecological systems by Howard T. Odum, Eugene Odum; in Fritjof Capra's study of organizational theory; in the study of management by Peter Senge; in ...
This list of types of systems theory gives an overview of different types of systems theory, which are mentioned in scientific book titles or articles. [1] The following more than 40 types of systems theory are all explicitly named systems theory and represent a unique conceptual framework in a specific field of science .
Since mid 1980s, Lin studied the general theory of multi-relational systems [3] [4] under the influence of George Jiří Klir, Mihajlo D. Mesarovic, and Yasuhiko Takahara, and applied the theory to a diverse array of scientific areas, including public health, sociology, materials science, and others.
Karl Ludwig von Bertalanffy (19 September 1901 – 12 June 1972) was an Austrian biologist known as one of the founders of general systems theory (GST). This is an interdisciplinary practice that describes systems with interacting components, applicable to biology, cybernetics and other fields.
General Systems Theory (GST) laid the foundation to systemic thinking. Ludwig Von Bertalanffy was known as the founder of the original principles of GST. [1] Prior to 1968, when GST was introduced in Bertalanffy’s book, General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications, the traditional approach to development used linear thinking or cause-and-effect thinking.
Luhmann's systems theory focuses on three topics, which are interconnected in his entire work. [11] Systems theory as societal theory; Communication theory and; Evolution theory; The core element of Luhmann's theory pivots around the problem of the contingency of meaning, and thereby it becomes a theory of communication. Social systems are ...
W. Ross Ashby, "General systems theory as a new discipline," General Systems Yearbook, 3, (1958). Charles A. McClelland, "Systems and History in International Relations," General Systems Yearbook, III (1958). The General Systems Yearbook also contains examples of the third kind of general systems activity — creating new laws and refining old. [3]
Using systems analysis to implement cost-effectiveness and program budgeting in education. With Richard E. Hill. 1974. Applied General Systems Theory. Harper & Row Publishers. Foreword by C. West Churchman; 1987. Decision making about decision making: metamodels and metasystems. Edited by John P. van Gigch ; with a foreword by Stafford Beer; 1991.