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A prothallus, or prothallium, (from Latin pro = forwards and Greek θαλλος (thallos) = twig) is usually the gametophyte stage in the life of a fern or other pteridophyte. Occasionally the term is also used to describe the young gametophyte of a liverwort or peat moss as well.
Lomariopsis lineata is a species of fern native to South East Asia. [2] The prothallia of this species (or possibly a closely related species) are commonly cultivated as an aquarium plant, where it is known to aquarists as süsswassertang (German spelling: Süßwassertang). [3]
The fertilization takes place when the eggs and sperm are produced on the different gametophyte, and the results are placed in the tissue of prothallium until the embryo breaks its dormancy and cell division takes place, which finally leads to the development of gametophyte. [5]
The ferns (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta) are a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.They differ from mosses by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients, and in having life cycles in which the branched sporophyte is the dominant phase.
The prothallium developed from the spore is a subterranean mass of tissue of considerable size, and bears both the male and female organs (antheridia and archegonia). [6] They are more commonly distributed vegetatively, though, through above- or below-ground rhizomes .
Bolbitis heudelotii, named for the botanical explorer of West Africa Jean-Pierre Heudelot (1802–1837), [5] is an aquatic polypody fern growing submerged in rivers and streams, attached to rocks or wood by the threadlike rootlets extending from its rhizomes.
Bolbitis is a genus of ferns in the family Dryopteridaceae, subfamily Elaphoglossoideae, in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). [1]Two particular members of the genus are often grown as immersed water plants in aquaria, B. heudelotii, and B. heteroclita.
Atomic number (Z): 81: Group: group 13 (boron group) Period: period 6: Block p-block Electron configuration [] 4f 14 5d 10 6s 2 6pElectrons per shell: 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3: Physical properties