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A genome wide association study found approximately 36 independent susceptibility loci for generalized vitiligo. [19] The TYR gene encodes the protein tyrosinase, which is not a component of the immune system but is an enzyme of the melanocyte that catalyzes melanin biosynthesis, and a major autoantigen in generalized vitiligo. [2]
Vitiligo is a condition that causes the skin to begin to lose its pigmentation—or color—for no apparent reason, resulting in white patches that are especially noticeable in people whose skin ...
The pigment loss can be partial (injury to the skin) or complete (caused by vitiligo). It can be temporary (from tinea versicolor) or permanent (from albinism). [1] Most commonly, depigmentation of the skin is linked to people born with vitiligo, which produces differing areas of light and dark skin. Monobenzone also causes skin depigmentation.
Hypopigmentation can be caused by hereditary conditions such as vitiligo, melasma, pityriasis versicolor, pityriasis alba, albinism, and fungal infections. [ 4 ] Hyperpigmentation results from an increase in melanin synthesis, which is mostly brought on by sun exposure, dermatological disorders, hormones, aging, genetic factors, skin injuries ...
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Vitiligo occurs in three different patterns. Segmental depigmentation means only one side of the body is affected, whereas generalized depigmentation means many parts of the body are affected. [34] Jackson's autopsy report states a "focal depigmentation of the skin" [35] (i.e., the depigmentation occurs on one or a few areas of the body). [34]
Vitiligo: Topical steroids, including calcineurin inhibitors. Patients can also have transplants if they are stable or a depigmentation with topical MBEH if the patient has widespread discoloration. Chemical or drug induced leukoderma: Avoidance of causative agent with subsequent treatment similar to vitiligo. Piebaldism: None; occasionally ...
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