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Manifest functions are the consequences that people see, observe or even expect. It is explicitly stated and understood by the participants in the relevant action. The manifest function of a rain dance, according to Merton in his 1957 Social Theory and Social Structure, is to produce rain, and this outcome is intended and desired by people participating in the ritual.
By their definition, then, "critical mass" is the small segment of a societal system that does the work or action required to achieve the common good. The "Production Function" is the correlation between resources, or what individuals give in an effort to achieve public good, and the achievement of that good.
The sociology of scientific knowledge in its Anglophone versions emerged in the 1970s in self-conscious opposition to the sociology of science associated with the American Robert K. Merton, generally considered one of the seminal authors in the sociology of science. Merton's was a kind of "sociology of scientists," which left the cognitive ...
The sociology of quantification is the investigation of quantification as a sociological ... an ethics of quantification would naturally descend from a sociology ...
The multiplication factor, k, is defined as (see Nuclear chain reaction): = If k is greater than 1, the chain reaction is supercritical, and the neutron population will grow exponentially.
The sociology of scientific ignorance (SSI) is the study of ignorance in and of science. The most common way is to see ignorance as something relevant, rather than simply lack of knowledge . There are two distinct areas in which SSI is being studied: some focus on ignorance in scientific research , whereas others focus on public ignorance of ...
Social entropy is a sociological theory that evaluates social behaviours using a method based on the second law of thermodynamics. [1] The equivalent of entropy in a social system is considered to be wealth or residence location. [2] The term "social entropy" was first used by physicist Peter Tait in 1874. [3]
Levels of trust are higher in countries with lower economic inequality.. Group cohesiveness, also called group cohesion, social harmony or social cohesion, is the degree or strength of bonds linking members of a social group to one another and to the group as a whole. [1]