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Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG): A bypass surgery improves blood flow to your heart by taking another blood vessel from somewhere else in your body and using it to create a new passage for ...
While coronary artery disease is more prevalent in men than women, atherosclerosis of the cerebral arteries and strokes equally affect both sexes. [ 24 ] Marked narrowing in the coronary arteries, which are responsible for bringing oxygenated blood to the heart, can produce symptoms such as chest pain of angina and shortness of breath, sweating ...
Arteriosclerosis, literally meaning "hardening of the arteries", is an umbrella term for a vascular disorder characterized by abnormal thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity [3] of the walls of arteries; [4] this process gradually restricts the blood flow to one's organs and tissues and can lead to severe health risks brought on by atherosclerosis, which is a specific form of ...
Illustration of how the buildup of lipids cause a blockage of blood flow to the portion of the artery below the narrowing. Peripheral arterial disease is considered to be a set of chronic or acute syndromes, generally derived from the presence of occlusive arterial disease, which causes inadequate blood flow to the limbs. [51] [52]
Normally, the blockage should affect approximately 70% of the artery for symptoms to become noticeable. [3] Symptoms can be less severe during gradual narrowing, as this allows time for the widening of existing vessels and the formation of new ones ( collateral vessels ), allowing blood to still reach the area.
One of the principal causes of arterial stiffening with age is vascular calcification. Vascular calcification is the deposition of mineral in the form of calcium phosphate salts in the smooth muscle-rich medial layer of large arteries including the aorta. DNA damage, especially oxidative DNA damage, causes accelerated vascular calcification. [11]
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Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in men and women. [16] This condition is the cause of one third of all deaths, which is especially worse in areas with lower socioeconomic status. [16] Mortality is nearly five times higher in men than women, but mortality difference narrows with age. [16]