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Cefadroxil is a first-generation cephalosporin antibacterial drug that is the para-hydroxy derivative of cephalexin, and is used similarly in the treatment of mild to moderate susceptible infections such as the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes, causing the disease popularly called strep throat or streptococcal tonsillitis, urinary tract infection, reproductive tract infection, and skin infections.
For example, the fourth generation of cephalosporins is not recognized as such in Japan. [citation needed] In Japan, cefaclor is classed as a first-generation cephalosporin, though in the United States it is a second-generation one; and cefbuperazone, cefminox, and cefotetan are classed as second-generation cephalosporins.
Serious side effects may include Clostridioides difficile infection, anaphylaxis, and Stevens–Johnson syndrome. [5] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is believed to be safe. [ 6 ] It is a second-generation cephalosporin and works by interfering with a bacteria's ability to make a cell wall resulting in its death.
The C-7 side chain is similar to third generation cephalosporins usually containing iminomethoxy-aminothiazole group or in the case of cefclidin an aminothiadiazole. Because of the positively charged quaternary nitrogen in the C-3 side chain fourth generation cephalosporins can diffuse through the gram-negative bacterial membrane more readily ...
Cefoperazone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, marketed by Pfizer under the name Cefobid. It is one of few cephalosporin antibiotics effective in treating Pseudomonas bacterial infections which are otherwise resistant to these antibiotics. It was patented in 1974 and approved for medical use in 1981. [1]
Cefprozil is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. [1] Originally discovered in 1983, and approved in 1992, [2] it was sold under the tradename Cefzil by Bristol Meyers Squibb until 2010 when the brand name version was discontinued. [3] It continues to be available from various companies in its generic form. [4]
Cefuroxime axetil is a second generation cephalosporin that, like penicillins antibiotics, contains a β-lactam ring structure. Cephalosporins work as bactericidal antibiotics; that by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), inhibit the last step of the bacterial cell wall synthesis. Once the β-lactam ring binds to PBPs, cross-linking ...
Serious side effects may include allergic reactions and Clostridioides difficile diarrhea. [5] It is not recommended in people with a history of a severe penicillin allergy. [6] It appears to be relatively safe during pregnancy. [7] It is in the third-generation cephalosporin class of medications. [5]