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Location of Cadarache in France. The process of selecting a location for ITER was long and drawn out. Japan proposed a site in Rokkasho. [173] Two European sites were considered, the Cadarache site in France and the Vandellòs site in Spain, but the European Competitiveness Council named Cadarache as its official candidate in November 2003. [174]
Location of Cadarache (marked in red) in southern France. Cadarache is the largest technological research and development centre for energy in Europe. It includes the CEA research activities and ITER. CEA Cadarache is one of the 10 research centres of the French Commission of Atomic and Alternative Energies.
Its seat is located in Barcelona, Spain, and it has offices in Saint-Paul-lès-Durance, France, and Garching, Germany. One of its main tasks is to work together with European industry and research organisations to develop and provide a wide range of high technology components for the ITER project.
It was the world's most powerful tokamak at the time. Following TFR, the Tore Supra started operating at Cadarache in April 1988. Additionally, France is a collaborator in the Joint European Torus (JET) located in England since 1983. [339] On June 28, 2005, Cadarache was chosen as the host for the international ITER tokamak.
The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), located in France, is an experimental tokamak nuclear fusion reactor that is a collaboration between 35 countries. This project was launched in 2007 and still under construction today.
ITER, currently under construction, will be the largest tokamak by far. ITER, international project in Cadarache, France; 500 MW; construction began in 2010, first plasma expected in 2025. Expected fully operational by 2035. [129]
With the possible exception of the EU and Japan, there are no plans for international collaboration as there was with ITER. [1] [2] Plans for DEMO-class reactors are intended to build upon the ITER experimental nuclear fusion reactor. [3] [4] The most well-known and documented DEMO-class reactor design is that of the European Union (EU).
The Culham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE) is the UK's national laboratory for fusion research.It is located at the Culham Science Centre, near Culham, Oxfordshire, and is the site of the Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) and the now closed Joint European Torus (JET) and Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokamak (START).