Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Black Chamber cryptanalytic work sheet for solving a Japanese diplomatic cipher, 1919. Until World War I, the only codes and cypher organizations created by the U.S. government were short-lived agencies of the United States Armed Forces, such as the U.S. Army's Military Intelligence (MI-8). [1] [clarification needed]
It is organized as a 501(c) corporation and has at least 190 chapters within the United States. The NBCC also has international chapters in the Bahamas, Brazil, Colombia, Ghana and Jamaica. [1] As with all Chambers of Commerce, affiliate branches are committed to carrying out the goals of the main Chamber within their areas.
The United States has had five African-American elected office holders prior to 1867. After Congress passed the First Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 and ratified the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1870, African Americans began to be elected or appointed to national, state, county and local offices throughout the ...
The House of Representatives is the lower house of the bicameral United States Congress, which is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the term "African American" includes all individuals who identify with one or more nationalities or ethnic groups originating in any of the ...
1815 caricature of the cabinet noir, Bodleian Libraries. In France, the cabinet noir (French pronunciation: [kabinɛ nwaʁ]; French for "black room", also known as the "dark chamber" or "black chamber") was a government intelligence-gathering office, usually within a postal service, where correspondence between persons or entities was opened and read by government officials before being ...
Kamala Harris is the highest-ranking black person to serve in a Cabinet as Vice President of the United States. Colin Powell (left) and Condoleezza Rice (right) are the highest-ranking black Jamaican-American and Black-American to lead the Federal Executive Department ; each held the post of Secretary of State .
The American Black Chamber is a 1931 book by Herbert O. Yardley. The book describes the inner workings of the interwar American governmental cryptography organization called the Black Chamber . The cryptography historian David Kahn called the book "the most famous book on cryptology ever published."
The Black Codes, sometimes called the Black Laws, were laws which governed the conduct of African Americans (both free and freedmen).In 1832, James Kent wrote that "in most of the United States, there is a distinction in respect to political privileges, between free white persons and free colored persons of African blood; and in no part of the country do the latter, in point of fact ...