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The Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu manages and controls the temple administration within the state. The Tamil Nadu Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Act XXII of 1959 controls 36,425 temples, 56 mathas or religious orders (and 47 temples belonging to mathas), 1,721 specific endowments and 189 trusts.
The Hindu code bills were several laws passed in the 1950s that aimed to codify and reform Hindu personal law in India, abolishing religious law in favor of a common law code. The Indian National Congress government led by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru successfully implemented the reforms in 1950s.
The concept of a temple included its premises and wealth. However, from 1925, temples were brought under government control with the passing of the State Religious and Charitable Endowments Act. Under this Act, the state governments exercised power for the formation of temple development boards for major temples with the members from local city.
The department was established by the Madras Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Act of 1951 and is responsible for the maintenance, promotion and consecration of temples and mutts under its supervision. [4]
The Travancore Devaswom Board is an autonomous body formed by the Travancore Cochin Hindu Religious Institutions Act of 1950. Sabarimala is the main income source of the Board, with 255 crore rupees accruing to it from the temple during the previous pilgrimage season. [3] The income from the rest of the temples in Kerala was 57 crore rupees. [3]
Hindu law, as a historical term, refers to the code of laws applied to Hindus, Buddhists, Jains and Sikhs in British India. [1] [2] [3] Hindu law, in modern scholarship, also refers to the legal theory, jurisprudence and philosophical reflections on the nature of law discovered in ancient and medieval era Indian texts. [4]
For example, a 1951 Religious and Charitable Endowment Indian law allows state governments to forcibly take over, own and operate Hindu temples, [41] and collect revenue from offerings and redistribute that revenue to any non-temple purposes including maintenance of religious institutions opposed to the temple; [42] Indian law also allows ...
Hindu Religious Endowments Bill In 1921, the Raja of Panagal introduced the Hindu Religious Endowments Bill . [ 34 ] As per this bill, trusts were established to maintain temple funds and given complete power over the administration of temples. [ 34 ]