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A conventional six-winding, grounding transformer or zigzag bank, [1] with the same winding and core quantity as a conventional three-phase transformer, can also be used in zigzag winding connection. In all cases the first coil on each zigzag winding core is connected contrariwise to the second coil on the next core.
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Parallel operations: All the transformers should have same phase rotation, vector group, tap setting & polarity of the winding. Ground fault Relay: A Dd transformer does not have neutral. To restrict the ground faults in such systems, we may use a zigzag wound transformer to create a neutral along with the ground fault relay.
A special purpose polyphase transformer is the zigzag transformer. There are many possible configurations that may involve more or fewer than six windings and various tap connections. Three-phase transformers 380 kV/110 kV and 110 kV/20 kV
Any Δ-Y (delta-wye) connected transformer may be used for the purpose. A nine winding transformer (a "zig zag" transformer) may be used to balance the phase currents of a delta connected source with an unbalanced load. Low-resistance grounding systems use a neutral grounding resistor (NGR) to limit the fault current to 25 A or greater.
Earthing transformer with a zig-zag. Grounding transformers most commonly incorporate a single winding transformer with a zigzag winding configuration, but may also be created with a (rare case) delta-wye transformer. [2] [4] Neutral grounding transformers are very common on generators in power plants and wind farms. [2]
The output voltage adjustment can be manual or automatic. The manual type is applicable only for relatively low voltage and is known as a variable AC transformer (often referred to by the trademark name Variac). These are often used in repair shops for testing devices under different voltages or to simulate abnormal line voltages.
Also, zigzag windings are used as configurations in many topographies of transformers: wye/zigzag, delta/zigzag, zigzag/zigzag, zigzag/delta, zigzag/wye, delta//zigzag/zigzag (dual secondary). Some of the types are more common than others, of course. Please check Talk:Transformer#Zig-zag for several references supplied by Cblambert for ...