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1952 Shell Oil film showing the development of the diesel engine from 1877. The diesel engine, named after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of diesel fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is called a compression-ignition engine (CI engine).
The first successful diesel engine Motor 250/400 was officially tested in 1897, featuring a 25 horsepower four-stroke, single vertical cylinder compression. Having just revolutionised the engine manufacturing industry, [18] it became an immediate success, [19] with royalties amassing great wealth for Diesel.
The V8 diesel engine wasn't offered again until 1999 when Mercedes-Benz introduced the 4-litre OM628 V8 diesel engine for its passenger vehicles. Audi followed in 2003 with its 4-litre V8 TDI . Mercedes-Benz ended the production in 2010, leaving Audi and Toyota ( 4.5-litre V8 ) to be the exclusive manufacturers of V8 diesels.
The Motor 250/400 is the first functional diesel engine. It was designed by Rudolf Diesel, and drawn by Imanuel Lauster. The workshop of the Maschinenfabrik Augsburg built two units, the A-Motor, and the B-Motor. The latter has been on static display at the Deutsches Museum in Munich since testing it came to an end.
Internal combustion engines date back to between the 10th and 13th centuries, when the first rocket engines were invented in China. Following the first commercial steam engine (a type of external combustion engine) by Thomas Savery in 1698, various efforts were made during the 18th century to develop equivalent internal combustion engines.
2008–2012 Tesla Roadster—first highway-capable all-electric vehicle in serial production for sale in the US in the modern era. It sold about 2,500 units worldwide. 2008–2013 BYD F3DM—first highway-capable series production plugin hybrid, launched in China in December 2008, sold over 2,300 units. [75] [76]
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1824 – Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot first publishes that the efficiency of a heat engine depends on the temperature difference between an engine and its environment. 1837 – First American patent for an electric motor (U.S. patent 132). 1850 – The first explicit statement of the first and second law of thermodynamics, given by Rudolf ...